Microsoft shifted the quick edit options out of "Classic" Windows on the desktop, and into the "Modern" Windows side:

http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-8/editing-photos

With the next free update to Windows 8.1, (Tentatively called Update 2), it will be easier to run the Modern apps on the Classic desktop alongside other classic apps. For now, workarounds exist to launch them easier without going into the full Modern interface: http://www.groovypost.com/howto/modern-apps-windows-81-desktop/