Christian -- once again you have bailed me out. This is at least the third time you have come to my rescue. The last time was to "help" (you wrote the whole thing!) with an Excel macro to reformat the comments in the book title cells of my library index.

It just wouldn't have occurred to me that the SUMIFS criteria were "AND" and not "OR", but now that you point it out, it is obvious why this must be so, otherwise the function would be of limited usefulness.

That being the case, I could just as well use the simpler "SUMIF" function and daisy-chain them like you did with the SUMIFS in your example formula. At least I think I could.

Thank you once again for your help. Just when I think I am pretty good with Excel, someone like you comes along and points out my limitations! Did you have to think about it at all, or is this something you just knew about the SUMIFS function?

tanstaafl.