You mentioned Transmeta's code-morphing and Apple's 68K emulator for PowerPCs.

Another quite interesting emulator was FX!32 for Alpha from DEC.

In fact, for a year or two (around 1996), the fastest x86 (or "Pentium") you could buy was actually a DEC Alpha! (running FX!32....)

Whip your mind back 8 years to an article in BYTE.

Or this article from Real World has a comparison chart on the second page.

Edited to put in links