Yes, and oddly, it is even encouraged. "Mixed loads" they call it. I never did understand that one, but there ya go.

Here, the standard household circuit is 120V, 15Amps, and it is permitted to have a maximum of 12 connected "devices", where a "device" is either a standard duplex wall outlet, or a ceiling light fixture.

There are addtional special requirements for wiring in certain rooms (kitchen, bath, bedroom, outdoors, etc).