Some of the digital artifacts are interesting and they point out what's up with the CCD on the Panasonic. My Panasonic point-n-shoot had this same issue:

When taking a zoomed-in low-light picture at high ISO, you can see chroma artifacts matching the shape of the hexagonal pattern of the CCD. The device's CCD is made up of hexagons which get mapped into X/Y pixels by the digital processing software in the camera.

In Doug's shot, you can faintly see alternating red and green hexagonal shapes in the chroma channel. It's particularly visible in this photo because the moon is all one chroma shade (nominally gray, but in this case atmosphere gives the whole shot a color cast).

Issues with chroma in low-light situations with high ISO are nothing new to point-n-shoot compact digital cameras. I always found the hexagonal pattern interesting on the Panasonics though.

The other digital artifacts I'm seeing there are data compression artifacts, possibly happening because he compressed the photo after-the-fact to make the file size smaller (or had set the file size to small in the camera settings). And there's also the usual grainy luminance channel that you always get in low light photos at high ISO.